Statics

The single force equivalent to the combined effect of two or more concurrent forces, found by vector addition.

Fx = F cos(theta) and Fy = F sin(theta), measured from the positive x-axis.

R = sqrt(Fx^2 + Fy^2).

theta = arctan(Fy / Fx).

M = F times d, where d is the perpendicular distance from the point to the line of action of the force.

Two equal, opposite, parallel forces separated by a distance, producing a pure moment with no net force.