Quantitative Methods

The relationship between a single dependent variable and two or more independent variables, isolating each variable's partial effect while holding the others constant.

It is the expected change in the dependent variable for a one-unit increase in that independent variable, holding all other independent variables constant.

The expected value of the dependent variable when all independent variables equal zero.

Linearity in parameters; independent variables not random and no exact linear relationship among them; expected error is zero; homoskedasticity (constant error variance); no serial correlation of errors; errors normally distributed.

That the variance of the error term (residuals) is constant across all observations and independent of the values of the independent variables.

t = (estimated coefficient − hypothesized value) / coefficient standard error. It tests whether the coefficient differs significantly from the hypothesized value (usually zero).