Patient Care

Using two identifiers (such as name and date of birth) prevents wrong-patient errors and ensures the correct exam is performed on the correct person.

Use the teach-back method, asking the patient to repeat the instructions in their own words to verify comprehension.

Face the patient so they can read lips, speak clearly without shouting, reduce background noise, use written instructions or gestures, and provide an interpreter if needed.

Use simple, age-appropriate language, be honest about what will happen, allow a caregiver to be present when possible, and use a calm, reassuring tone.

The nature of the procedure, its risks and benefits, alternative options, and the consequences of refusing, given in language the patient understands.

Yes. A competent adult has the right to refuse any procedure, even after consent forms are signed, and the refusal must be respected and documented.