States of Matter & Solutions

States of matter

Solid (fixed shape and volume), liquid (fixed volume, takes container shape), and gas (fills its container). Distinguish

Kinetic molecular theory of gases

Gas particles are in constant random motion, have negligible volume, exert no intermolecular forces (ideal), and undergo

Boyle's law

At constant temperature and amount, gas pressure is inversely proportional to volume: P₁V₁ = P₂V₂.

Charles's law

At constant pressure and amount, gas volume is directly proportional to absolute temperature: V₁/T₁ = V₂/T₂ (T in kelvin

Gay-Lussac's law

At constant volume and amount, gas pressure is directly proportional to absolute temperature: P₁/T₁ = P₂/T₂.