Psychosocial Integrity

Open-ended questions invite the patient to express thoughts and feelings freely rather than giving a yes/no answer, encouraging exploration.

Reflection directs feelings and ideas back to the patient to encourage further exploration and convey that the nurse is listening.

Purposeful silence gives the patient time to think and signals the nurse's presence and willingness to listen without pressure.

Statements like 'Everything will be fine' dismiss feelings, block communication, and are nontherapeutic because they are not honest.

Asking 'why' can sound accusatory and put the patient on the defensive, discouraging open expression.

Attributing one's own unacceptable feelings or impulses to another person. Example: an angry person accusing others of being hostile.