Treatment, Intervention, Prevention & Supervision

To make the unconscious conscious — bringing repressed conflicts, wishes, and memories into awareness so the ego can resolve them adaptively, often summarized as 'where id was, there ego shall be.'

Attributing one's own unacceptable thoughts, feelings, or impulses to another person — e.g., an angry person insisting that others are hostile toward them.

Channeling unacceptable impulses into socially acceptable or productive activities (e.g., aggression into competitive sports). It is considered mature/adaptive because it allows partial gratification without harm.

Repression is the unconscious exclusion of threatening material from awareness; suppression is the conscious, deliberate effort to put thoughts out of mind. Suppression is considered more mature/adaptive.

The client's unconscious redirection onto the therapist of feelings, attitudes, and expectations originally directed toward significant early figures (e.g., parents). Analyzing it is central to treatment.

The therapist's emotional reactions to the client — historically the therapist's unconscious responses rooted in their own conflicts; more broadly, all therapist reactions that may inform or impede treatment.