Arithmetic Reasoning

Identify exactly what is asked, list the given quantities, and map keywords to operations: 'total/sum/combined' means add, 'difference/left/fewer' means subtract, 'of/product/times' means multiply, 'per/each/split' means divide. Then write the equation and solve.

Addition keywords: total, sum, combined, altogether, increased by, more than. Subtraction keywords: difference, fewer, less than, decreased by, remaining, how many left.

Start with 240, subtract 156 sold: 240 - 156 = 84. Add 80 received: 84 + 80 = 164. Answer: 164 items.

Multiply seats per trip by number of trips: 48 x 7 = 336 passenger seats.

Divide the total by the number of groups. The quotient is the amount per group; the remainder is what is left over. Whether you round up depends on the question (e.g., extra vehicles needed).

Convert to a common denominator, then add or subtract the numerators while keeping the denominator. Simplify the result. Example: 1/4 + 1/6 = 3/12 + 2/12 = 5/12.